Rotavirus
A common cause of severe diarrhoea and dehydration in babies.
Reviewed by TinyDose editorial team
Rotavirus is the most common cause of severe diarrhoea in infants and young children worldwide. The fluid loss can lead to dangerous dehydration, especially in babies. The oral rotavirus vaccine, given as drops in the first months of life, significantly reduces severe cases and hospital admissions.
Symptoms
- Sudden onset of watery diarrhoea
- Vomiting
- Fever
- Signs of dehydration: fewer wet nappies, dry mouth, sunken eyes, no tears when crying
How it spreads
Highly contagious, faecal-oral route. Spreads easily in households and daycare settings even with careful handwashing.
Why it's serious
Rotavirus causes millions of hospital admissions globally each year. While most children recover at home with oral rehydration, infants can deteriorate quickly. Know the signs of dehydration and seek care promptly.
- Severe dehydration requiring hospitalisation and intravenous fluids
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Rare: intussusception (bowel obstruction). Seek urgent care for a baby with sudden severe crying and bloody stools
Most at risk: Virtually all children get rotavirus at least once by age 5. Infants under 2 are at highest risk of severe disease.
How to prevent Rotavirus
Vaccination is the most effective protection. Rotavirus is prevented by:
Treatment
The primary treatment is oral rehydration, small, frequent sips of ORS (oral rehydration solution). Avoid plain water alone for infants. If the baby cannot keep fluids down or shows signs of severe dehydration, go to hospital immediately.
Common questions
Sources
- Rotavirus vaccines: WHO position paper · WHO, 2013.
Information on this page is compiled from authoritative public health sources and written in TinyDose's own voice. It is intended for general understanding only. Always follow your pediatrician's guidance.
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This information is provided by TinyDose for general understanding only and is not medical advice. Vaccine names, ages and doses can vary by country, brand and individual circumstances. Always follow the guidance of your pediatrician or local health authority for your child’s vaccination schedule.
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