Rubella
A usually mild infection that causes serious birth defects during pregnancy.
Reviewed by TinyDose editorial team
Rubella (German measles) is generally mild in children, but it is very dangerous if a pregnant woman is infected. It can cause severe birth defects in her baby (congenital rubella syndrome). Vaccinating children helps protect pregnant women in the community by reducing the virus's circulation. Rubella is covered by both the MMR and MR vaccines.
Symptoms
- A mild pink rash starting on the face and spreading to the body
- Low-grade fever
- Swollen lymph nodes behind the ears and at the back of the neck
- Mild joint aches (more common in older children and adults)
How it spreads
Spread through respiratory droplets from coughs and sneezes.
Why it's serious
Rubella itself is mild in most children, but the impact on an unborn baby can be devastating. This is why rubella vaccination is treated as a community protection measure, not just personal protection.
- Congenital rubella syndrome in babies born to mothers infected during pregnancy. Can cause deafness, heart defects, and cataracts
- Rare: encephalitis
Most at risk: Pregnant women who have not been vaccinated or had rubella before are at highest risk. The danger is to their unborn baby. Children spread the virus.
How to prevent Rubella
Vaccination is the most effective protection. Rubella is prevented by:
Treatment
There is no specific treatment. The mild symptoms in children resolve on their own within 3-5 days. Prevention through vaccination is the priority.
Common questions
Sources
- Rubella vaccines: WHO position paper · WHO, 2011.
Information on this page is compiled from authoritative public health sources and written in TinyDose's own voice. It is intended for general understanding only. Always follow your pediatrician's guidance.
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This information is provided by TinyDose for general understanding only and is not medical advice. Vaccine names, ages and doses can vary by country, brand and individual circumstances. Always follow the guidance of your pediatrician or local health authority for your child’s vaccination schedule.
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