Pneumococcal disease
A group of infections including pneumonia, meningitis and ear infections.
Reviewed by TinyDose editorial team
Pneumococcal bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae) can cause a range of infections, from common ear infections to serious illnesses like pneumonia, meningitis and bloodstream infection. Young children under 2 are among the most vulnerable. The PCV vaccine protects against the most dangerous strains.
Symptoms
- High fever
- Cough and fast or difficult breathing, signs of pneumonia
- Ear pain and irritability, signs of ear infection
- Drowsiness, stiff neck, sensitivity to light, signs of meningitis
How it spreads
Spread through respiratory droplets. Many people carry the bacteria without symptoms and can spread it unknowingly.
Why it's serious
Pneumococcal infections can escalate quickly in young children, especially infants. Pneumonia and meningitis can be life-threatening. PCV significantly reduces the risk of the most dangerous strains.
- Severe pneumonia requiring hospitalisation
- Bacterial meningitis. Can cause brain damage or hearing loss
- Bloodstream infection
- Repeated ear infections leading to hearing impairment
Most at risk: Children under 2, especially those in daycare or with siblings. Children with chronic illnesses, HIV or who are immunocompromised are at particularly high risk.
How to prevent Pneumococcal disease
Vaccination is the most effective protection. Pneumococcal disease is prevented by:
Treatment
Most pneumococcal infections are treated with antibiotics. Serious cases (meningitis, bloodstream infection) require urgent hospitalisation. Some strains have developed antibiotic resistance, making vaccination even more important.
Common questions
Sources
- Pneumococcal vaccines: WHO position paper · WHO, 2019.
Information on this page is compiled from authoritative public health sources and written in TinyDose's own voice. It is intended for general understanding only. Always follow your pediatrician's guidance.
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This information is provided by TinyDose for general understanding only and is not medical advice. Vaccine names, ages and doses can vary by country, brand and individual circumstances. Always follow the guidance of your pediatrician or local health authority for your child’s vaccination schedule.
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